Hadoop实验三——熟悉常用的HBase操作

2021年12月15日 481点热度 0条评论

Hadoop实验三——熟悉常用的HBase操作

  1. 编程实现以下指定功能,并用Hadoop提供的HBase Shell命令完成相同任务:
    (1) 列出HBase所有的表的相关信息,例如表名、创建时间等;
    Shell命令实现:
list

%title插图%num

(2) 在终端打印出指定的表的所有记录数据;

scan 's1'

%title插图%num

(3) 向已经创建好的表添加和删除指定的列族或列;

  • 在s1表中添加数据
put 's1','yangxian','score:Math','60'

%title插图%num

  • 在s1表中,删除指定列
delete 's1','yangxian','score:Math'

%title插图%num

(4) 清空指定的表的所有记录数据;

truncate 's1'

%title插图%num

(5) 统计表的行数。
%title插图%num
2. 现有以下关系型数据库中的表和数据,要求将其转换为适合于HBase存储的表并插入数据:
学生表(Student)

学号(S_No) 姓名(S_Name) 性别(S_Sex) 年龄(S_Age)
2015001 Zhangsan male 23
2015003 Mary female 22
2015003 Lisi male 24

课程表(Course)

课程号(C_No) 课程名(C_Name) 学分(C_Credit)
123001 Math 2.0
123002 Computer Science 5.0
123003 English 3.0

选课表(SC)

学号(SC_Sno) 课程号(SC_Cno) 成绩(SC_Score)
2015001 123001 86
2015001 123003 69
2015002 123002 77
2015002 123003 99
2015003 123001 98
2015003 123002 95
  • 学生Student表
    创建表
create 'Studet','S_No','S_Name','S_Sex','S_Age'

插入数据
第一行数据:

put 'Student','s001','S_No','2015001'
put 'Student','s001','S_Name','Zhangsan'
put 'Student','s001','S_Sex','male'
put 'Student','s001','S_Age','23'

%title插图%num

第二行数据:

put 'Student','s002','S_No','2015002'
put 'Student','s002','S_Name','Mary'
put 'Student','s002','S_Sex','female'
put 'Student','s002','S_Age','22'

%title插图%num

第三行数据:

put 'Student','s003','S_No','2015003'
put 'Student','s003','S_Name','Lisi'
put 'Student','s003','S_Sex','male'
put 'Student','s003','S_Age','24'

%title插图%num

  • 课程Course表
create 'Course','C_No','C_Name','C_Credit'

插入数据:

put 'Course','c001','C_No','123001'
put 'Course','c001','C_Name','Math'
put 'Course','c001','C_Credit','2.0'
put 'Course','c002','C_No','123002'
put 'Course','c002','C_Name','Computer'
put 'Course','c002','C_Credit','5.0'
put 'Course','c003','C_No','123003'
put 'Course','c003','C_Name','English'
put 'Course','c003','C_Credit','3.0'

  • 选课表
    创建表:create 'SC','SC_Sno','SC_Cno','SC_Score'
    插入数据:
put 'SC','sc001','SC_Sno','2015001'
put 'SC','sc001','SC_Cno','123001'
put 'SC','sc001','SC_Score','86'
put 'SC','sc002','SC_Sno','2015001'
put 'SC','sc002','SC_Cno','123003'
put 'SC','sc002','SC_Score','69'
put 'SC','sc003','SC_Sno','2015002'
put 'SC','sc003','SC_Cno','123002'
put 'SC','sc003','SC_Score','77'
put 'SC','sc004','SC_Sno','2015002'
put 'SC','sc004','SC_Cno','123003'
put 'SC','sc004','SC_Score','99'
put 'SC','sc005','SC_Sno','2015003'
put 'SC','sc005','SC_Cno','123001'
put 'SC','sc005','SC_Score','98'
put 'SC','sc006','SC_Sno','2015003'
put 'SC','sc006','SC_Cno','123002'
put 'SC','sc006','SC_Score','95'


同时,请编程完成以下指定功能:
(1)createTable(String tableName, String[] fields)
创建表,参数tableName为表的名称,字符串数组fields为存储记录各个域名称的数组。要求当HBase已经存在名为tableName的表的时候,先删除原有的表,然后再创建新的表。
建立person表,代码如下:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateTable {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    public static void createTable(String tableName, String[] fields) throws IOException {
        init();
        TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
        if (admin.tableExists(tablename)) {
            System.out.println("table is exists!");
            admin.disableTable(tablename);
            admin.deleteTable(tablename);
        }
        HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tablename);
        for (String str : fields) {
            HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(str);
            hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);
        }
        admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
        close();
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] fields = {"Score"};
        try {
            createTable("person", fields);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

%title插图%num
eclipse运行结果中可以看出,创建前不存在person表,故创建person,我们可以去HBase中查看结果:
%title插图%num
表明创建成功!
如果再次运行代码,可以看一下运行结果:
%title插图%num
可以看出,刚才已经创建过表,所以现实结果提醒“Table is exits”

(2)addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values)
向表tableName、行row(用S_Name表示)和字符串数组files指定的单元格中添加对应的数据values。其中fields中每个元素如果对应的列族下还有相应的列限定符的话,用“columnFamily:column”表示。例如,同时向“Math”、“Computer Science”、“English”三列添加成绩时,字符串数组fields为{“Score:Math”,”Score;Computer Science”,”Score:English”},数组values存储这三门课的成绩。

增加记录,代码如下:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class AddRecord {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    public static void addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        for (int i = 0; i != fields.length; i++) {
            Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
            String[] cols = fields[i].split(":");
            put.addColumn(cols[0].getBytes(), cols[1].getBytes(), values[i].getBytes());
            table.put(put);
        }
        table.close();
        close();
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] fields = {"Score:Math", "Score:Computer Science", "Score:English"};
        String[] values = {"99", "80", "100"};
        try {
            addRecord("person", "Score", fields, values);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

%title插图%num

可以看到结果没有返回错误,数据插入成功!,我们可以去HBase验证一下:
%title插图%num
可以看到我们刚才的程序运行数据插入成功。

(3)scanColumn(String tableName, String column)
浏览表tableName某一列的数据,如果某一行记录中该列数据不存在,则返回null。要求当参数column为某一列族名称时,如果底下有若干个列限定符,则要列出每个列限定符代表的列的数据;当参数column为某一列具体名称(例如“Score:Math”)时,只需要列出该列的数据。

浏览某一列数据,我们可以浏览score一列的数据,代码如下:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

import java.io.IOException;

public class ScanColumn {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    public static void scanColumn(String tableName, String column) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.addFamily(Bytes.toBytes(column));
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result result = scanner.next(); result != null; result = scanner.next()) {
            showCell(result);
        }
        table.close();
        close();
    }

    public static void showCell(Result result) {
        Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
        for (Cell cell : cells) {
            System.out.println("RowName:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("Timetamp:" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
            System.out.println("column Family:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("row Name:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("value:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " ");
        }
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 关闭连接
    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            scanColumn("person", "Score");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

%title插图%num

(4)modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column)
修改表tableName,行row(可以用学生姓名S_Name表示),列column指定的单元格的数据。

修改某一个数据,我们可以把数学分数修改成100,代码如下:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class ModifyData {

    public static long ts;
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    public static void modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column, String val) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result r : resultScanner) {
            for (Cell cell : r.getColumnCells(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes())) {
                ts = cell.getTimestamp();
            }
        }
        put.addColumn(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes(), ts, val.getBytes());
        table.put(put);
        table.close();
        close();
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            modifyData("person", "Score", "Math", "100");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

%title插图%num
程序运行结果没有异常,我们可以从HBase验证是否修改成功:
%title插图%num
可以看出,数据修改成功!

(5)deleteRow(String tableName, String row)
删除表tableName中row指定的行的记录。
删除person表中的score行的记录,代码如下:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

import java.io.IOException;

public class DeleteRow {

    public static long ts;
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
    
    public static void deleteRow(String tableName, String row) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Delete delete=new Delete(row.getBytes());
        table.delete(delete);
        table.close();
        close();
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            deleteRow("person", "Score");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

%title插图%num
可以看到程序运行成功,没有异常,我们可以从HBase验证是否成功。
%title插图%num
对比运行前和运行后的结果,可以看出删除一行数据成功!

  1. 利用HBase和MapReduce完成如下任务:
    假设HBase有2张表,表的逻辑视图及部分数据如下所示:
    表 逻辑视图及部分数据
    书名(bookName)|价格(price)
    ----------------------|--------------------
    Database System Concept|30$
    Thinking in Java|60$
    Data Mining|25$

要求:从HBase读出上述两张表的数据,利用MapReduce完成对“price”的排序,并将结果存储到HBase中。HBase中的每一行的行键用“bookName”表示。
操作过程如下:

create 'book','bookName'
put 'book','val_60$','bookName','Thingking in Java'
put 'book','val_20&','bookName','Database System Concept'
put 'book','val_30$','bookName','Data Mining'

scan查询所有数据,就会按照rowkey自动排序
%title插图%num

文章来源于互联网:Hadoop实验三——熟悉常用的HBase操作

harry

这个人很懒,什么都没留下

文章评论